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pronoms > relatifs who, whom, whose, which, that, where, whereby proposition relative déterminative / non déterminative
The Guardian G2 p.1 22.12.2005 The toy that ate Christmas How did a plastic dinosaur with a brain the size of a pocket calculator take over the planet? Oliver Burkeman and Jonathan Watts trace the evolution of the Roboraptor The Guardian
Thursday December 22, 2005
The Guardian p. 1 9.2.2007
Film & Music
The Guardian p. 10 16.7.2007
The Guardian p. 4 2.9.2006
Daryl Cagle MSNBC.com Cagle
5 July 2010
that pronom relatif (précédé du nom / GN antécédent) ≠ that conjonction
Fonction : La conjonction that n'est pas un pronom : elle n'a aucun antécédent. A la différence du pronom - sujet ou objet - , la conjonction n'est ni l'un, ni l'autre.
Syntaxe : La conjonction, comme son nom l'indique, fait la jonction entre verbe et proposition (SVO).
Someone once said to me that "depression is just extreme vanity", and though obviously I don't think that everyone who's depressed is a wuss, I'm starting to think there's something to it. Some people have genuinely had their brain chemicals go wrong, for whatever reason; they've got a right to be depressed. Also, I think that people who were abused, sexually or otherwise, as children must suffer despair and sorrow in their adult lives to a degree the rest of us cannot begin to comprehend; they've got a right to be depressed. But I also think that a lot of so-called depression comes from people having no perspective on their problems - vanity, if you will.
Don't take my name in vain, G,
29.3.2003,
With rectangular black glasses and a smattering of black polo necks,
they
came in their hundreds and stood in terrifyingly neat rows. to admire the building's Palladian style but to condemn the university authorities that want to close its department of architecture.
Architects attack
'philistine' move by Cambride, G, 30.11.2004,
THE world reacted with revulsion last night at the killing of hostage Ken Bigley. A shaken Tony Blair appeared on TV to condemn the beheading of the 62-year-old engineer three weeks after he was kidnapped in Iraq. The PM said: "I feel desperately sorry for Kenneth Bigley and his family. I feel utter revulsion at the people that did this."
WORLD IN SHOCK AS IRAQI TERRORISTS BEHEAD KEN,
Daily Mirror, 9.10.2004,
A shopkeeper running a small souvenir business in Nazareth has made a sensational discovery that could dramatically rewrite the history of Christianity. Jonathan Cook reports Elias Shama's small souvenir shop in Nazareth, the town of Jesus's childhood, barely catches the eye. Tourists usually pass by it on their way to the neighbouring Mary's Well church, claimed by the Greek Orthodox church as the site where the Archangel Gabriel revealed to Mary that she was carrying the son of God. Is this where Jesus bathed? :A shopkeeper running a small souvenir business in Nazareth has made a sensational discovery that could dramatically rewrite the history of Christianity. Jonathan Cook reports, G, 22.10.2003, http://www.guardian.co.uk/g2/story/0,3604,1067930,00.html
The pioneering musician who eased the pain of depression at the piano Headline, I, 11.6.2004, http://news.independent.co.uk/world/americas/story.jsp?story=530315
Firm that cloned Dolly the sheep faces bankruptcy Headline, G, 9.3.2004, http://www.guardian.co.uk/genes/article/0,2763,1165148,00.html
The Criminal Records Bureau is piloting a nationwide list of all those on whom the police have intelligence, it emerged yesterday as part of government evidence to the inquiry into the Soham murders.
National list of police
intelligence trialled, G, 18.2.2004,
As Iraq reeled beneath savage and almost daily suicide bombings, US forces yesterday doubled the reward - from $5 million to $10 million - for the capture of Musab Zarqawi, an obscure and little-known associate of Osama bin Laden whom they claim is trying to provoke a civil war in Iraq. America sets its
sights on a new Public Enemy No 1, I, 12.2.2004,
From 3-4 to 4-3: the day that Tottenham evened the score Headline, IoS, 8.1.2004, http://sport.independent.co.uk/football/tottenham/story.jsp?story=489068
The people Ø I admire musically are people who content themselves with one period. Backstage, William Christie, WSJE / Personal Journal, p. P8., 7/9.3.2003.
Cet énoncé comprend deux propositions relatives déterminatives.
On remarque tout d'abord l'ellipse ( Ø ) du pronom relatif objet that entre people et I (sur le schéma de l'énoncé bien connu The man Ø I love...).
La proposition (that) I admire est une relative déterminative : elle détermine The people. L'énonciateur (ici le chef d'orchestre William Christie) ne parle pas de toutes les personnes ou des gens en général (people), mais seulement des musiciens qu'il admire : The people I admire musically (GN complexe).
Sans cette relative, people resterait indéterminé, indifférencié, hors-catégorie (people = les gens en général).
people fait l'objet d'une seconde détermination, introduite par le pronom relatif sujet who : people who content themselves with one period. (GN complexe).
When Simon Rattle, whom I do admire greatly, does Rameau he stops everything else and immerses himself in it. Backstage, William Christie, WSJE / Personal Journal, p. P8., 7/9.3.2003.
La proposition relative ci-dessus, introduite par le pronom relatif objet whom, est non déterminative, encadrée par des virgules qui jouent le rôle de mise entre parenthèses.
L'information whom I do admire greatly n'est pas nécessaire pour comprendre qui est le référent de l'antécédent (Simon Rattle = célèbre chef d'orchestre britannique).
Simon Rattle est un nom propre, auto-déterminé, à l'inverse du nom indéterminé people (voir énoncé précédent).
Le GN Simon Rattle se suffit ici à lui-même; il n'a besoin d'aucune détermination / définition.
Glose : Quand Simon Rattle, qu'entre parenthèses j'admire beaucoup, dirige Rameau...
La relative non déterminative peut être supprimée sans nuire au sens premier de l'énoncé :
When Simon Rattle does Rameau he stops everything else...
Autre non déterminative :
If memory serves, the angry green Marvel Comics who is the subject of Ang Lee's new movie used to be known as the Incredible Hulk. Tall and Green, but Not Really Incredible, Le Monde/NYT, p. 8, 29/30.6.2003.
La relative who is the subject of Ang Lee's new movie ne détermine pas the angry green Marvel Comics (= Hulk), qui est par ailleurs personnage de bande dessinée bien connu des Américains.
autres énoncés
8 City Officers Charged in Gun Smuggling Case
October 25,
2011
Eight
current and former New York police officers were arrested on Tuesday and charged
in federal court with accepting thousands of dollars in cash to drive a caravan
of firearms into the state, an act of corruption that brazenly defied the city’s
strenuous efforts to get illegal guns off the streets.
8 City Officers Charged in Gun Smuggling Case, NYT,
25.10.2011,
The Equal Opportunities Commission has been asked to investigate the research assessment exercise, after it was discovered that men were twice as likely as women to be rated "research active". The Association of University Teachers said it had the first conclusive proof that the system, whereby institutions submit research from their top academics for rating, which then determines their funding, flies in the face of equal opportunities policies.
Women suffer in research
ratings, G, 15.7.2004,
Akins was ambassador to Saudi Arabia before he was fired after a series of conflicts with then Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, father of the vision to pipe oil west from Iraq. In 1975, Kissinger signed what forms the basis for the Haifa project: a Memorandum of Understanding whereby the US would guarantee Israel's oil reserves and energy supply in times of crisis. (...) The memorandum has been quietly renewed every five years, with special legislation attached whereby the US stocks a strategic oil reserve for Israel even if it entailed domestic shortages - at a cost of $3 billion (£1.9bn) in 2002 to US taxpayers. Israel
seeks pipeline for Iraqi oil
:
Only to recall that era, and the Edwardian one that preceded it, is to realise how complete has been the eclipse of monarchy, and how great its attenuation even in Britain. When she was born, there were real-live Hohenzollerns, Romanoffs and Hapsburgs, all of them related to the gloomy Saxe-Coburg-Gothas and Battenbergs into whose house she was wed. And she lived to see unclean laundry run up the Buckingham Palace flagpole, while her grandchildren failed to stay married and her eldest daughter's dominions either became independent states or - even in the home islands - contemplated doing so. Quite a facer for the last Empress of India. Her unfailing cheerfulness in the face of all this was (refreshments to one side) an imperishable part of the great British traditional "act" whereby the situation is always desperate but never quite serious. Mourning will be brief : The Queen Mother symbolised reaction and philistinism. Her death marks the end of an antidemocratic era G, 1.4.2002, http://www.guardian.co.uk/queenmother/article/0,2763,677164,00.html
A unique headless statuette of Queen Nefertiti's daughter, which has never been seen in public, has been saved for the nation by a lottery grant, it emerged yesterday.
Lottery
cash saves statue of Queen Nefertiti's daughter, G, 30.9.2003,
Cole's absence is a major headache for Arsenal, who are already without suspended full-back LAuren for Sunday's home game against Charlton while Oleg Luzhny is injured. Double 'n strike, S, pp. 65 and 68, 28.2.2003.
In "Beauty and His Love", the singer Kazem al-Sahir confesses to his girlfriend that (CONJONCTION) there is someone he loves more than her, someone whom [ pronom objet ] he sleeps with every night, someone whom he dreams of daily. His distraught girlfriend begs him to reveal the name of this lover. Her name, he finally tells her, is Baghdad. An Iraqui Star Tours And Sings of His Baghdad, NYT/Le Monde, p. 8, 9/10.3.2003.
Waiting for war: the boy who was born as first bombs fell last time Headline, GE, p. 1.
In New York, the home of hip-hop, rap is a serious business. This is the city that is home to the place (Sugar Hill, Harlem) that produced the group (the Sugar Hill Gang) that produced the record (Rapper's Delight) that made rap so mainstream that, more than 20 years later, the track would provide the inspiration for The Ketchup Song. Cops and rappers, GE/GE2, p. V, 10.1.2003.
A former high-flying Army officer was jailed for seven years yesterday for his part in a bungled post office robbery during which he attacked a pregnant woman. Soldier who made Lt Col at 38 tried to hold up a post office for £200,000, DM, p. 37, 15.1.2003.
A woman nicknamed the Black Widow who was present when four men died of drug overdoses was yesterday convicted of killing two of them. 'Black Widow killed two with methadone, GE, p. 5, 18.12.2002.
Hurley last night refused to accept a £1.8m deal that would see her former boyfriend Steve Bing paying £100,000 a year for the upbringing of their son Damian. Liz Hurley rejects £1.8m child support offer, GE, p.3, 18.12.2002.
The Democratic Republic of Congo signed a peace deal with rebels yesterday, ending a four-year civil war which has left two million dead and destabilised central Africa. Warring Congo factions sign peace deal, GE, p. 3, 18.12.2002.
Coroner Identifies Man Whose Head Was Found in Hollywood Park
January 19, 2012
LOS ANGELES (AP) — Coroner's officials on Friday identified a man whose dismembered head, hands and feet were found in a Hollywood park as a 66-year-old from Los Angeles, and police continued to hunt for his killer.
Coroner Identifies Man Whose Head Was Found
in Hollywood Park, NYT, 19.1.2012,
Ian, whose [ pronom possessif relatif ] CV includes the Aston Martin DB7 and James Bond's new Vanquish, believes the future XJ will need to see Jaguar design moving on. Look of the future, S, p. 47, 28.2.2003.
Edward Teller
Proponent of the H-bomb whose [ pronom possessif relatif ] zeal for weapons of mass destruction as the best guarantee of security knew no bounds The Register, obituaries, T, p. 35, 11.9.2003.
Voir aussi
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