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History > 20th century > WW2 > USA > Pacific
War And Conflict-Wwii Pfc. Faris M. (Bob) Tuohy, 19 holding coffee cup &, along w. his fellow Marines, looking grimy & weary from 2 days & 2 nights of fighting on Eniwetok Atoll during WWII. Location: Marshall Islands Date taken: 1944
Photographer: Ray R. Platnick Life Images
Eric Sutherland Lomax 1919-2012
The experience of three and a half years of slave labour and torture as a prisoner of war of the Japanese, on the notorious Burma-Siam railway, dominated the rest of the life of Eric Lomax. http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2012/oct/09/eric-lomax
http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2012/oct/09/eric-lomax
165th infantry attacking Butaritari, Yellow Beach Two find it difficult to wade through coral-bottomed waters while dodging Japanese gunfire. Location: Makin Atoll, Gilbert Islands Date taken: November 20, 1943
Life Images
USA General Douglas MacArthur 1880-1964
second world war supreme allied commander
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/peopleevents/pandeAMEX96.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/peopleevents/pandeAMEX98.html http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0126.html http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2009/oct/29/macarthur-reel-history
International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE) Tokyo Trials / Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal 1946-1948
Jap War Criminals Arraigned, Tokyo Date taken: 1946
Photographer: Alfred Eisenstaedt Life Images
Jap War Criminals Arraigned, Tokyo Date taken: 1946
Photographer: Alfred Eisenstaedt Life Images
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/peopleevents/pandeAMEX101.html http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/nuremberg/tokyo.htm
USA / Japan > 20th century > World War II > Hiroshima and Nagasaki August 1945
Time Covers - The 40S TIME cover 08-20-1945 The Fall of Japan, re Japan's acceptance of unconditional surrender on August 14, 1945, ending WWII. (from TAC 1233-1) Date taken: August 20, 1945
Life Images
Japan B-29 missions against Toyama, Honshu 1945
Aerial photo taken from American B-29 shows massive fire damage caused by night time incendiary bombing raid over city. Location: Toyama, Honshu, Japan Date taken: 1945
Life Images
Japan B-29 missions against Tokyo 1945
On March 10, 1945, flying in darkness at low altitudes, more than 300 B-29s dropped close to a quarter of a million incendiary bombs over Tokyo.
Tokyo burns under B-29 firebomb assault, May 26, 1945
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Firebombing_of_Tokyo.jpg
Primary source > Library of Congress
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Tokyo http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/pacific/peopleevents/e_b29s.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/pacific-yoshiko-hashimoto/
Pacific Battle of Okinawa April - June 1945
The Battle of Okinawa was one of the bloodiest and costliest of World War II in the Pacific. The United States needed a base to stage an invasion of mainland Japan. The island of Okinawa was the crucial final stepping stone for the Americans. For the Japanese, it would be the first time they met the enemy on home soil. The battle lasted 82 days.
More than 12,000 Americans were killed or missing in action -- the highest number lost in a single battle in the Pacific war. More than 70,000 Japanese soldiers and Okinawan conscripts were killed defending the island.
Civilians, caught in the crossfire, bore the highest toll -- perhaps as many as 100,000 to 150,000 Okinawan men, woman, and children lost their lives during the nearly three months of fighting. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/pacific-civilians-okinawa/
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/pacific-civilians-okinawa/ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/pacific-major-battles/
near the Japanese island of Kyushu Lt. Cmdr. Joseph R. Carmichael Jr. May 11, 1945
The Bunker Hill, an aircraft carrier with dozens of planes and vast stores of fuel and ammunition on its flight deck, was struck by two kamikaze planes in suicide attacks within minutes of each other. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/02/us/joseph-r-carmichael-jr-hero-of-uss-bunker-hill-dies-at-96.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/02/us/joseph-r-carmichael-jr-hero-of-uss-bunker-hill-dies-at-96.html
Philippines The Battle for Manila February-March 1945
MacArthur's forces take back the city San Thomas Prison Liberation
Manila was only one of the great cities of Southeast Asia overrun by the Japanese war machine between July, 1941 and April, 1942. But unlike Saigon, Hong Kong, Singapore, Djakarta and Rangoon -- which late in the war the Japanese surrendered to British forces without a fight -- Manila was the only city in which Japanese and Allied forces collided.
The results were unspeakable: an estimated 100,000 of its citizens died. In the entire war, only the battles of Berlin and Stalingrad resulted in more casualties. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/peopleevents/pandeAMEX98.html
San Thomas Prison Liberation Two emaciated American civilians, Lee Rogers (L) & John C. Todd, sit outside gym which had been used as a Japanese prison camp following their release by Allied forces liberating the city. Location: Manila, Luzon, Philippines Date taken: February 05, 1945
Photographer: Carl Mydans Life Images
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/peopleevents/pandeAMEX98.html http://www.pbs.org/thewar/detail_619.htm http://www.pbs.org/thewar/detail_2356.htm
Pacific ocean Battle for the Recapture of Corregidor 16-26 February 1945
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/timeline/1945.html
Pacific Ocean Mogmog Island in the Ulithi Atoll, part of the Caroline Islands 1945
Ulithi was a major base for the U.S. Navy in World War II. The Japanese had established a radio and weather station early in the war, and had used the lagoon as an anchorage occasionally, which resulted in strikes from US aircraft carriers early in 1944. However, Ulithi was perfectly positioned to act as a staging area, being nearly equidistant from the Philippines, Formosa, and Okinawa.
On September 23, 1944, an army regiment landed unopposed (the Japanese having evacuated the atoll some months earlier), followed a few days later by a battalion of Seabees. The survey ship USS Sumner (AGS-5) surveyed the lagoon and reported it capable of holding 700 vessels, and indeed just a few months later, 617 ships had gathered there for the Okinawa operation. The huge anchorage capacity was greater than either Majuro or Pearl Harbor. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulithi
Vast array of American warships just offshore of naval base on Mogmog Island in the Ulithi Atoll, part of the Caroline Islands. Location: Caroline Islands Date taken: 1945
Life Images
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulithi
Pacific ocean US flag raised over Iwo Jima 23 February 1945
Flag raising on Iwo Jima. Joe Rosenthal, Associated Press. February 23, 1945. 80-G-413988. Pictures of World War II US National Archives
Related
The photograph, taken on Feb. 23, 1945, became the model for the Iwo Jima Memorial near Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia. Joe Rosenthal, Associated Press.
Joe Rosenthal, Photographer at Iwo Jima, Dies
Related
http://library.duke.edu/digitalcollections/images/adaccess/W/W02/W0250/W0250-lrg.jpeg
Large armada of US Navy ships bringing American Marines & supplies toward beachheads along island of Iwo Jima during opening hours of the battle to take the island from occupying Japanese forces. Location: Mt Suribachi, Iwo Jima, Volcano Islands Date taken: February 19, 1945
Life Images
Iwo Jima Action American Marines crouch below hillside while detonating large explosive charge intended to destroy cave network connecting Japanese fortifications dug into the ground of Iwo Jima. Location: Iwo Jima, Volcano Islands Date taken: 1945
Photographer: W. Eugene Smith
Life Images
Dead Japanese soldier following battle for Iwo Jima during WWII. Location: Volcano Islands Date taken: February 1945
Photographer: W. Eugene Smith
Life Images
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/feb/15/japanese-prime-minister-iwo-jima http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/22/iwo-jima-graves-japanese-soldiers http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/20/nyregion/20iwo.html http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/jun/20/secondworldwar.japan http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2006/dec/20/japan.film http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/23/newsid_3564000/3564547.stm http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=124232057 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7227947.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5270434.stm http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5685028 http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-634212782694418867 http://iwojimathemovie.warnerbros.com/lettersofiwojima/framework/framework.html http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/vhp/story/loc.natlib.afc2001001.09749/ http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/21/business/media/22rosenthalcnd.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/pacific-major-battles/
Philippines Leyte Gulf 20 October 1944 - 15 August 1945
Hospital On Leyte Black-veiled Philippino women kneeling at benches before alter where priest conducts mass while badly burned American Army officer lies swathed in bandages as he convalesces on cot in Cens Cathedral turned into a makeshift Army hospital. Location: Leyte, Philippines Date taken: December 1944
Photographer: W. Eugene Smith Life Images
http://www.pbs.org/thewar/detail_5226.htm http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/pacific-major-battles/
Pacific Ocean
Mariana and Palau Islands campaign June and November, 1944 Offensive launched by United States forces against Imperial Japanese forces in the Mariana Islands and Palau http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariana_and_Palau_Islands_campaign
Second Battle of Guam July 21-August 8, 1944
American capture of the Japanese held island of Guam http://www.pbs.org/thewar/detail_5220.htm
Saipan 15 June-9 July 1944
D-Day for Saipan was June 15, 1944. Twenty thousand Marines made it to shore by nightfall. U.S. forces had come to understand that the enemy they faced did not believe in surrender. Two days before the battle ended on July 9, in one of the Pacific war's most horrifying suicide charges, 3,000 Japanese soldiers and sailors attacked the U.S. Army's 27th Division using whatever weapons they had left -- grenades, rifles, mortars and even rocks, swords and rusty bayonets attached to bamboo sticks. The Japanese preference for suicide over capture had been repeated throughout the war in the Pacific.
But it was civilian suicides that would forever mark the memories of American troops on Saipan. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/biography/pacific-koyu-shiroma/
http://www.pbs.org/thewar/detail_5219.htm http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/biography/pacific-koyu-shiroma/ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/pacific-major-battles/
Battle of the Philippine Sea (Marianas Turkey Shoot) 19-21 June 1944 http://www.pbs.org/thewar/detail_5220.htm
A member of a Marine patrol on Saipan found this family of Japs hiding in a hillside cave. The mother, four children and a dog, took shelter from the fierce fighting in that area.
Cpl. Angus Robertson, June 21, 1944. 127-GR-113-83266. Pictures of World War II > Island Campaigns US National Archives
Northeast of Australia Solomon Islands Guadalcanal August 7, 1942 - February 9, 1943
Bitter contest between the Japanese and the Americans that marked a turning point in the Pacific war.
The struggle on Guadalcanal was protracted, and the period from August 1942 to February 1943 saw some of the most bitter fighting of the war.
In all, there were some 50 actions involving warships or aircraft, 7 major naval battles, and 10 land engagements. http://www.pbs.org/thewar/detail_5210.htm
Guadalcanal Gruesome severed head of a napalmed Japanese soldier propped up below gun turret of a disabled Japanese tank. Location: Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands Date taken: February 1943
Photographer: Ralph Morse Life Images
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/japan_no_surrender_01.shtml http://www.pbs.org/thewar/detail_5210.htm http://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/previous_seasons/case_dogfight/index.html
Tarawa Atoll Battle of Tarawa November 20 - November 23, 1943
The Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony is occupied by Japanese forces. The Tarawa Atoll sees some of the fiercest fighting in the Pacific between Japan and the Allied forces. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/country_profiles/2944816.stm
US Marines dashing for cover while assaulting Japanese positions on Betio Island. Location: Betio, Tarawa, Gilbert Islands Date taken: November 21, 1943
Life Images
US Marine preparing to throw a hand grenade while under fire on Betio Island during the invasion of Tarawa. Location: Betio, Tarawa, Gilbert Islands Date taken: November 20, 1943
Life Images
Tarawa Raid And Landing Photographer: John Florea Undated
Life Images
Tarawa Raid And Landing Undated
Photographer: John Florea Life Images
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tarawa http://tv.nytimes.com/show/59385/Return-to-Tarawa-Memories-of-Battle/overview
Philippines Internment of American Civilians
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/eyewitness/html.php?section=6
Bridge on River Kwai
The Japanese use Allied prisoners of war and laborers from Malaysia, India and Singapore beginning in June of 1942 to complete the strategic railway bridge linking Thailand and Burma, now known as Myanmar.
More than 300,000 prisoners and slave laborers worked on the 268-mile rail line.
An estimated 90,000 died from disease, malnutrition and ill treatment.
http://articles.latimes.com/1990-11-19/news/mn-3584_1_river-kwai http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/41/a3911041.shtml http://www.bbcprograms.com/pbs/catalog/true/truemain.htm http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/movie/36213/bridge.on.the.river.kwai
Philippines Battle of Corregidor Fall of Bataan April 9, 1942 American troops surrender to Japanese forces May 1942
http://www.archives.gov/research/ww2/photos/ http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/vhp-stories/loc.natlib.afc2001001.02940/ http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_timeline_1942.htm http://www.nps.gov/archive/wapa/indepth/extContent/usmc/pcn-190-003140-00/sec12.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Corregidor
Philippines The fall of Bataan April 9, 1942 The Bataan Death March from Bataan to Cabanatuan, the prison camp 1942
as many as 11,000 soldiers died at the hands of the Japanese in the Philippines during the Bataan Death March in 1942 http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/16/us/16brown.html
News of this atrocity sparked outrage in the US, as shown by this
poster.
Creator: Office for Emergency Management. Office of War
Information.
NARA
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/16/us/16brown.html http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/17/books/17garner.html http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/17/books/excerpt-tears-in-the-darkness.html http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/25/opinion/25norman.html http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/26/opinion/26kotler.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/sfeature/bataan_capture.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/sfeature/bataan_siege.html http://www.archives.gov/research/ww2/photos/ http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/vhp-stories/loc.natlib.afc2001001.02940/ http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_timeline_1942.htm http://www.pbs.org/thewar/about_episode_guide_01.htm http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAmacarthur.htm http://abcnews.go.com/2020/story?id=124054&page=1
http://www.ina.fr/histoire-et-conflits/seconde-guerre-mondiale/video/AFE98000046/
Pacific ocean Military operations in the Pacific Timeline
http://www.archives.gov/research/arc/topics/philippine/timeline.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/timeline/index.html
Pacific ocean USA Japan Battle of Midway June 4-7 1942
The Battle of Midway is viewed as a turning point of the war in the Pacific because of the island's strategic importance.
Its location would allow an occupying Japanese force to launch attacks against Hawaii and the American fleet based there, as well as Alaska http://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/94/9412/wwii.html
http://century.guardian.co.uk/1940-1949/Story/0,,127521,00.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/timeline/1942.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/pacific/maps/index.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/battle_midway_01.shtml http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/7/newsid_3499000/3499378.stm http://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/94/9412/wwii.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/battle_midway_01.shtml
Singapore forced to surrender 15 February 1942
British forces in Singapore surrender unconditionally to the Japanese seven days after enemy troops first stormed the island. (...)
Japanese forces invaded Singapore and only two weeks since their onslaught on the Malay Peninsula forced the British troops' withdrawal to the island. http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/15/newsid_3529000/3529447.stm
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/15/newsid_3529000/3529447.stm
(...) at the end of 1941 (...) the Japanese launched their great assault across a front stretching from the Malayan peninsula to the central Pacific. An all-conquering, lightning march down the Indochina peninsula brought 30,000 Japanese troops to the Strait of Johor, between Malaya and Singapore Island.
The British garrison numbered nearly 140,000 but was in total chaos, under‑equipped with no aircraft or tanks, demoralised and disorganised.
General Arthur Percival surrendered the island on 15 February 1942 – the greatest defeat in British military history.
The prisoners – British, Australian, Indian and Malayan - were initially force-marched to Changi, which rapidly became an overcrowded and insanitary concentration camp.
From there, many thousands went to Burma to work on the railway to Siam (now known as Thailand) in appalling conditions. Brutal interrogations and gratuitous torture became routine. http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2012/oct/09/eric-lomax
http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2012/oct/09/eric-lomax
Pacific Campaign 1941-1945
By Lt. Victor Jorgensen,
May 1945. Picturing the Century: One Hundred Years of
Photography from the National Archives
Torpedoed Japanese destroyer photographed through periscope of U.S.S. Wahoo or U.S.S. Nautilus, June 1942.
80-G-418331.
http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/pacificwar/timeline.htm http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/05/asia_pac_world_war_ii_in_the_pacific/html/1.stm http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/pacificwar/timeline.htm http://www.dean.usma.edu/history/web03/atlases/ww2%20pacific/ww2%20pacific%20war%20index.htm
South-East Asia Burma Campaign 1941/42-1945
Battle-weary soldier who is a member of Merrill's Marauders, pausing with a cigarette during Burma campaign in WWII. Location: Myanmar Date taken: 1944
Photographer: Bernard Hoffman
Life Images
http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/1/burma/summary.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/burma_campaign_01.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/launch_ani_burma_campaign.shtml
Micronesia becomes major battleground during World War II 1939-1945
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/country_profiles/1300865.stm
USA > 20th century > World War II > Japanese-Americans
internment camps
USA / Japan > 20th century > World War II > Pearl Harbor - 7 December 1941
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