Les anglonautes

Anglonautes | Search | Grammaire | Vocabulary - Encyclopaedia | Learning English | News - History | Images | Arts | Press | Audio - Video | Travel

Previous Home Up Next

 

be + -ing > sens

validation avec ou sans valeur temporelle ("en train de"),

certification, argumentation / re-présentation / agenda

(avec parfois dépréciation du co-énonciateur)

 

 

The Guardian        G2        pp. 6-7        27 January 2009
http://digital.guardian.co.uk/guardian/2009/01/27/pdfs/gdn_090127_gtw_6_21770838.pdf

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Guardian        Society        p. 20        10 December 2008
http://digital.guardian.co.uk/guardian/2008/12/10/pdfs/gdn_081210_so1_20_21413463.pdf

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

G2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Mark Trail        Jack Elrod        Created by Ed Dodd in 1946        30.4.2005 / 2.5.2005
http://www.kingfeatures.com/features/comics/mtrail/about.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

30.9.2004

 

 

 

  Exclusive

I'll have Jacko's twins in the UK

From ANTONELLA LAZZERI
in Los Angeles

 

A STUNNING brunette claims she is carrying twins fathered by pop star Michael Jackson.

Headline and first §§, S, 30.9.2004, http://www.thesun.co.uk/article/0,,2-2004452405,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Larry Wright

The Detroit News

 5.2.2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Validation :

Ce qui est dit est présenté comme vrai, certain, confirmé, prouvé, décidé.

 


Mark Trail        Jack Elrod        Created by Ed Dodd in 1946        5.10.2004
http://www.kingfeatures.com/features/comics/mtrail/about.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jeff Parker

Cagle

15.10.2004
http://cagle.slate.msn.com/politicalcartoons/PCcartoons/parker.asp
http://www.reuben.org/parkertoons/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

L'énoncé en be + -ing correspond / correspondra à la réalité

telle qu'elle est pensée / perçue / mise en scène par l'énonciateur.

 

Deuxième valeur : rectification, recadrage, contradiction.

 

Gloses :

- moi qui te parle et qui en sais plus que toi,

tu ne t'en doutais peut-être pas,mais je suis en mesure de t'apprendre que...

- tu dis vraiment n'importe quoi puisque je te dis que...

- je ne sais vraiment pas dans quel monde tu vis,

tu ne vois donc pas que...

 

Le co-énonciateur est pris à partie :

il est présupposé ne pas comprendre /

ne pas prendre conscience / douter de ce qu'on lui affirme / tout ignorer / délirer.

 


Private Eye

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Morland        Times        December 5, 2005
L: British Prime Minister Tony Blair.
R: Chancellor Gordon Brown (?).

Background

The great rebate debate
In an article first published on the European Movement website,
Sir Michael Butler, the man who originally negotiated the UK rebate,
comments on the present EU budget discussions
The Guardian        Friday December 9, 2005
http://www.guardian.co.uk/eu/story/0,7369,1663789,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loomus        Steven Appleby        The Guardian        Family        p. 4        10.12.2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loomus        Steven Appleby        The Guardian        Family        p. 2       14.1.2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    Avec be + -ing, l'énonciateur valide ce qu'il dit, écrit, pense.

 

    La valeur de be + -ing correspond souvent, en français,

à celle d'un groupe adverbial (vraiment, bel et bien, sans aucun doute) : voir énoncé 4.

 

    Premier sous-entendu :

    moi qui vous parle, je suis en mesure de vous affirmer que / de vous expliquer..., mais si,

croyez-moi, je vous garantis, je vous assure, je vous confirme, que ce que je dis est vrai, a / aura lieu, a bel et bien été

décidé, prévu, j'en suis persuadé, vous pouvez en être sûr.

 

 

 

 

NoW        Main frontpage headline    18.7.2004
http://www.newsoftheworld.co.uk/story_pages/news/news1.shtml

 

 

 

 

Deuxième sous-entendu possible :

l'interlocuteur est présupposé ne pas apprécier à sa juste valeur l'information :

Mais saviez-vous que, est-ce que vous vous rend(i)ez compte que... ?

 

 

 

 

 

Illustration et 1-2-3 :

le temps chronologique (time) n'est pas marqué par be + -ing,

mais par next week, 13 July, tomorrow at 9:30, always.

 

 


Mary Worth        Karen Moy and Joe Giella        2.7.2004
http://www.kingfeatures.com/features/comics/mworth/about.htm

 

 

 

 

 

1 -    Godfather of soul James Brown is playing two UK shows.

    13 July, Royal Festival Hall, London SE1 (020-7589 8212); 15 July, King's Dock Arena, Liverpool (0870-746 0000).

    Légende de la photo (gros plan du chanteur; on ne voit donc pas le chanteur arriver au Royaume Uni) : The Godfather of Soul is coming to the UK

    The Week's guide to what's worth seeing and reading, The Week, p. 26, 17.05.2003.

 

 

 

2 -    We are leaving tomorrow at 9:30.

    http://erminecentral.tripod.com/archive/winterblog.html

 

 

 

3 -    Why is volatility beneficial to dollar cost averaging? "You're always investing a consistent dollar amount," says Alexander. "That means when share prices are low, You're buying more shares and when they're expensive, you're buying less. As a result, your average cost of purchasing shares is always less than the average price the shares traded at during the year. It also assured that I stayed fully invested at all times - another key to my success."

    MultiMillion Dollar Secrets, 06-12-00 http://www.microcapalliance.com/mm.htm    

 

 

 

4 -    It is 2060. The world's first septuagenarian mother has given birth, while in Britain, with its population of 100-year-olds approaching half a million, royal congratulations to centenarians have long been abandoned because the number of recipients threatens to overwhelm Buckingham Palace. The greetings card industry has never had it so good, while Saga magazine - now renamed Just Seventy - vastly outsells lads' magazines like Loaded and FHM.

It sounds the stuff of science fiction. But only just - for researchers now believe our nation has begun to fade to grey. Falling birth rates and rising life expectancy are turning Britain into a land of codgers.

    Living with Britain's population timebomb: 100 years ago, there were five people working for every retired person. Soon for every pensioner, there will be just one worker. But we have not woken up to this social revolution as we grow older and healthier. Robin McKie asks what this means for the future and how our lives will change, 0, § 1-2, 25.1.2004, http://society.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,7838,1130899,00.html

 

        Glose :

        La baisse du taux de natalité et l'augmentation de l'espérance de vie transforment bel et bien la Grande-Bretagne en un pays de vieux bonhommes.

        La baisse du taux de natalité et l'augmentation de l'espérance de vie sont en train de transformer la Grande-Bretagne en un pays de vieux bonhommes.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

be + -ing

//

"en train de" / "euh !!!" > recadrage

 

 

 

 

 

    "en train de" ne saurait être prise dans son seul sens temporel :

 

 

        - "Non mais qu'est-ce que t'es en train de me faire là ?"

        - "Non mais qu'est-ce que t'es en train de me dire ?"

        - "Si je te comprends bien, tu es en train de me dire que..."

        - "Ce que je suis en train de te dire, c'est que tu te trompes de A à Z."

        - "Si je te comprends bien, ce que tu es en train de me dire, c'est que ..."

        - "Là, t'es vraiment en train de me prendre la tête toi !"

        - "A coups de lois absurdes, vous êtes en train d'anéantir l'exception culturelle."

 

 

 

 

 

        - Exclamation (de l'entrée, un père impatient lance à sa fille de cinq ans, qui se trouve encore dans sa chambre) :

        Faut que tu t'habilles on va être en retard !

        Réponse (ton quelque peu excédé) :

        C'est ce que je suis en train de faire !

 

 

 

        - Autre exclamation, du même père, un autre jour :

        Bon alors faudrait peut-être te préparer !

        Réponse de l'impertinente, qui sautille et joue dans le couloir, sans s'habiller :

        On EST en train de se préparer !

 

 

 

        - Camille, petite fille de six ans, est en cours préparatoire (CP) depuis un mois et demi.

          A la maison, elle s'applique à écrire pour la deuxième fois le prénom de son père, Thomas, "en attaché".

          Elle fait remarquer que dans la première tentative, le T et le h ne sont pas bien attachés.

          Son père lui répond que ce n'est pas très grave, que le prénom est quand même bien écrit.

          Réaction indignée de la petite fille :

          "En plus je suis en train d'apprendre à lire et à écrire donc..."

           Ici encore, en train de ne renvoie pas au présent de l'énonciation.

           Glose : Mais tu te rends pas compte papa, c'est grave, comme je suis en CP, je dois bien écrire.

 

 

 

 

 

        - Dans un train, en février 2006, un homme d'affaires téléphone : Oui là je suis en train d'appeler le bureau.

          Le sémantisme n'est pas temporel, puisque l'homme, qui n'a qu'un téléphone, parle en ce moment avec un

          collègue, ou avec sa femme, etc. Ce qui est sous-entendu ici, via en train de, ressort plutôt de l'affect

          (tu m'ennuies, tu-vois-pas-que-tu-m'empêches-de-travailler, je ne peux pas te parler, laisse-moi tranquille),

          ou de la justification (suite à un rappel à l'ordre d'un supérieur > "Mais non, je n'ai pas oublié, j'allais appeler...).

 

 

 

 

 

        - Même lorsqu'elle porte apparemment sur un processus, la locution en train de n'a souvent rien de temporel.

          Une petite fille d'à peine six ans, qui se chamaille souvent avec sa grande soeur de bientôt treize ans,

          lui demande, face à la porte de la salle de bains fermée à clé :

          Louise, t'es toujours [encore] en train de prendre ton bain ?

         Glose : qu'est-ce que je m'ennuies sans toi, quand est-ce qu'on joue / que tu sors ?       

 

 

 

        - "en train de"  //  "euh !"

        Un père lance à sa fille de 6 ans, qui n'a toujours pas commencé à manger :

        Bon alors Emma tu commences à manger ?!

        Réponse de l'enfant, irritée, qui tient toujours sa fourchette en l'air : Oui-EUH !!!

 

 

        Dans une aire de jeux, un père crie à son enfant de deux ans, qui porte du sable à sa bouche :

        Pas dans la bouche euh !!!

        Glose : Pas dans la bouche je dis / je te dis ! Pas dans la bouche non mais tu comprends ?!

       

 

 

 

        "en train de" ne peut être réduit à l'expression du temps chronologique.

        Ce segment démonstratif a des valeurs similaires à celles de be + -ing :

 

        - anaphore (référence à du déjà perçu / énoncé, renvoi à un dit commun, culturel)

        - mise en avant de l'énonciateur

        - validation du dit de l'énonciateur

         (valeur similaire à hein > Fausse question : ça caille, hein ? Réponse : ah-oui-hein ! )

        - emphase

        - effet d'annonce

        - interpellation et / ou dépréciation du co-énonciateur
          (glose : toi, t'as rien compris à ce que je dis / à ce qui se passe).

        - mise en doute de sa capacité à comprendre

        - mise en demeure possible du destinataire,

          qui est forcé de répondre d'une certaine manière, ou réduit au silence

 

 

 

        Equivalences :

 

        - "Non mais qu'est-ce que t'es en train de me dire ?"

                Est-ce que tu te rends compte de ce que tu me dis ?

 

        - "Ce que je suis en train de te dire, c'est que tu te trompes de A à Z."

                Tu réalises (sic) que tu te trompes de A à Z ?

 

 

 

        Sur-énonciation : "en train de" renforce le sens du dit, recadre le déjà-dit, encadre l'énoncé :

 

        Il est en train de réaliser un de ces exploits...

        Pierre ? Il doit être en train de faire ses trucs...

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Guardian        p. 8        28.6.2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fêted by stars, envied by mere mortals, Britain's most famous cosmologist has unravelled some of the darkest secrets of the universe.

But he is refusing to provide clues to an altogether more human mystery in which he has suffered a series of suspicious injuries...

    Stephen Hawking: The accidental genius, sub, IoS, 25.1.2004, http://news.independent.co.uk/people/profiles/story.jsp?story=484443

 

        Glose : Mais il refuse catégoriquement de fournir les preuves...

 

 

 

 

 

Confused public 'believe cannabis is being legalised'

The public are confused about changes to the law on cannabis that take effect today and many mistakenly believe that marijuana is being legalised, according to the head of the largest police association. The statement by Jan Berry, the national chairwoman of the Police Federation, follows comments by Sir John Stevens, the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police, who has said there is a "massive amount of muddle" surrounding the changes, under which people caught in possession of cannabis will normally be let off with a warning and the drug will be confiscated.

    Headline and §1, I, 29.1.2004, http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/legal/story.jsp?story=485650

 

 

 

 

 

The job of the main chute is to reduce the velocity to less than 40mph. On contact with Mars, the lander in its protective cocoon of inflatable bags, will bounce out from under the parachute until it comes to rest. If it lands upside down, the hinge which opens the lid is able to turn Beagle 2 over.

A journey of 250m miles will be over, but the real work will just begin. Unlike Darwin's Beagle, ours will not be coming back - but it will be transmitting invaluable information about whether Mars has ever supported life. If this mission succeeds where Nasa has failed, it will be an astonishing tribute to British scientific endeavour. It just goes to show: never knock an idea that started out on the back of a beer mat.

    Man with a mission, G, 10.11.2003, http://www.guardian.co.uk/spacedocumentary/story/0,2763,1081437,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

The pseudopatients practised for a few days. Much of the practice was, admittedly, passive, letting entropy and odour wend their way in. Their hair grew out and clumped. Their breath got a greenish tinge.

The day that Rosenhan departed for one of Pennsylvania's state hospitals was brilliant. The sky was a frosty, pre-winter blue, the trees like brushes dipped in paint, turned upward and wet with colour. Rosenhan pulled into the parking lot. The psychiatric hospital had gothic buildings, every window caged. Orderlies in pale blue smocks floated on the grounds.

Once in the admissions unit, Rosenhan was led to a small white room. "What is the problem?" a psychiatrist asked.

"I'm hearing a voice," Rosenhan said, and then he said nothing else.

"And what is the voice saying?" the psychiatrist questioned, falling, unbeknown to him, straight into Rosenhan's rabbit hole.

"Thud," Rosenhan said, smugly, I imagine.

"Thud?" the psychiatrist asked. "Did you say thud?"

"Thud," Rosenhan said again.

    Into the cuckoo's nest : Thirty years ago psychiatry was rocked by the revelation that nine sane volunteers had faked hearing voices and fooled thier way on to locked wards.
    Has diagnosis improved since? Psychologist Lauren Slater repeats the experiment, G, 31.1.2004, http://www.guardian.co.uk/weekend/story/0,3605,1134105,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Matt        DT        17.12.2003
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/portal/

 

 

 

 

    Un énoncé en be + -ing ne renvoie pas nécessairement au temps de l'énonciation

    (l'instant où l'on parle, pense, écrit).

    Il renvoie souvent à un futur planifié, organisé, programmé (agenda).

    Dans le dessin ci-dessus, après avoir lu le journal, le père s'exclame :

    "Ils vont construire une nouvelle piste (d'aéroport) à Stansted; on devrait peut-être y déménager."

    Au 17.12.203, date de la publication, les travaux n'ont pas commencé.

    Seule la décision de construire vient d'être prise :

    Heathrow airport could have a third runway and a sixth terminal within 12 years, to the delight of Britain's leading airlines, under a plan published yesterday by the transport secretary, Alistair Darling.

    Mr Darling gave the green light for development at more than 20 airports across Britain in an unprecedented programme of aviation expansion which sparked fury among environmentalists. Stansted, Edinburgh and Birmingham are to get new runways by 2020. Landing strips are to be extended at another 10 airports to cope with a surge in demand for cheap foreign travel, while many other regional airports will be allowed to build bigger terminals.

    Huge airport expansion given the green light, G, 17.12.2003, http://www.guardian.co.uk/transport/Story/0,2763,1108565,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

Email from Studabaker on February 13 2003: "I love you more than I ever loved anyone else, all i want is to know the truth about you and rob [a 14-year-old boy] ... i dont want no one else in my life as much as i want you."

Feb 20: "I will do what it takes to be with you, I miss you a lot even though I have never been with you ... I too look for the day when we are together for good ... I look forward to the day when we ... dont have to worry about that either of us will get in trouble."

March 4: "i hate sounding like i am obsessed with you, i can't stop thinking about you ... just the thought of you saying you dont want to be with me anymore drives me insane..."

April 9: "...i dont give a fuck what my family thinks if they find out everything because they aren't me or us ... its been a long fucking 10 months but one more month and we can see each other and work on our relationship."

April 28: "Does anyone in your family ever have twins?" She answers: "no". He replies, "so we dont have much worry of having twins then, only my little brother had twins."

April 29: "...when we first met and you told me how old you were ... [I] didnt know what to say ... i never regretted saying yes to you because i feel you are the one."

June 9: "if you really give it a chance for me to be over there and get the relationship on a more personal level to it we would of really worked ... If you knew me in person you would think totally different..." The girl says: "well i dont ... because you wont let me ... and maybe i dont want to."

June 12: "what would you do if ... someone found out we are seeing each other ... and they put me in jail? would you wait...?" She says: "yes."

June 30: They set up webcam link. She sends an email saying she is getting changed. He sends: "put up your cam ... me want to see."

July 1: "i haven't been any happier ... then i am knowing that not long from now i will be with you, holding you ... kissing you and being able to wake up next to you."

    'I can't stop thinking about you' : The emails, G, 13.2.2004, http://www.guardian.co.uk/online/news/0,12597,1147343,00.html

    Contexte : http://www.guardian.co.uk/online/news/0,12597,1147264,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

Fishing boss furious over cockle tragedy claims

A fishing boss arrested over the deaths of 19 Chinese cockle pickers in Morecambe Bay says he is being made "a scapegoat" for the tragedy.

    Headline and §1, A, 13.2.2004,  http://www.ananova.com/news/story/sm_865881.html

 

 

 

 

 

According to a Yemeni newspaper, the first 25-mile stretch of the barrier, erected in the last month, is less than 100 metres from the border line.

The head of Saudi Arabia's border guard, Talal Anqawi,

told an Arab newspaper last week that the barrier was being constructed inside Saudi territory but did not specify the exact location.

He also dismissed comparisons with Israel's West Bank barrier, which has sparked international condemnation.

"What is being constructed inside our borders with Yemen is a sort of screen ...

which aims to prevent infiltration and smuggling," he said. "It does not resemble a wall in any way."

    Saudi security barrier stirs anger in Yemen, G, 17.2.2004, http://www.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,4860165-110491,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

Lottery cash is not being used to subsidise the rich,

nor is our spending being concentrated on high-profile London-based arts organisations (Lottery cash 'subsidies arts for rich' February 13). (...)

Peter Hewitt, Chief executive, Arts Council England.

    Transforming the arts, Letters, G, p. 17, 17.2.2004.

 

 

 

 

 

If you're a BT customer, you're paying too much for your landline.

    One.Tel would like to point this out to BT customers, One.Tel ad, G, p. 5, 17.2.2004

 

 

 

 

 

But a designer of Smith's stature does not have to rely on hype.

The store buyers who visit his showroom are happy to place orders because they know Smith's clothes sell.

"Who knows whether the press will like it?" he shrugged.

"But it's been doing extremely well in the showroom, and that means I'm doing my job."

    Shipping forecast : Smith collection anchored in tradition, G, p. 6, 17.2.2004.

 

 

 

 

 

"And I tell you honestly what my fear is, my fear is that we wake up one day and we find either that one of these dictatorial states has used weapons of mass destruction - and Iraq has done so in the past - and we get sucked into a conflict, with all the devastation that would cause; or alternatively these weapons, which are being traded right round the world at the moment, fall into the hands of these terrorist groups, these fanatics who will stop at absolutely nothing to cause death and destruction on a mass scale. Now that is what I have to worry about.

(...)

This is not a time to err on the side of caution; not a time to weigh the risks to an infinite balance; not a time for the cynicism of the worldly wise who favour playing it long. Their worldly wise cynicism is actually at best naivete and at worst dereliction. When they talk, as they do now, of diplomacy coming back into fashion in respect of Iran or North Korea or Libya, do they seriously think that diplomacy alone has brought about this change? Since the war in Iraq, Libya has taken the courageous step of owning up not just to a nuclear weapons programme but to having chemical weapons, which are now being destroyed. Iran is back in the reach of the IAEA. North Korea in talks with China over its WMD. The A Q Khan network is being shut down, its trade slowly but surely being eliminated. "

    Full text: Tony Blair's speech, Speech given by the prime minister in Sedgefield, justifying military action in Iraq and warning of the continued threat of global terrorism, G, 6.3.2004, http://politics.guardian.co.uk/iraq/story/0,12956,1162991,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Flash Gordon        Jim Keefe        Created in 1934 by Alex Raymond        21.11.2004
http://www.kingfeatures.com/features/comics/fgordon/about.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Voir aussi

 

be + -ing > La voix de son maître

-ing > Confirmation / Validation

 

 

www.anglonautes.com   
 Ce site est jumelé avec www.intairnet.be

Le site "Les anglonautes"  forme une base de données protégée par le Code de la propriété intellectuelle (art. L.112-3) - Anglonautes © ®