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auxiliaires > modaux > can > valeurs
savoir / pouvoir faire, capacité, possibilité, compétence, autorisation
The Guardian p. 34 4.1.2007
The Guardian G2
p. 26 22 January 2009
The Guardian Society
p. 26 10 December 2008
The Guardian p. 38
2 December 2008
Londres. Août 2008. Photographie numérique prise par Les Anglonautes.
The Guardian p. 12 10.4.2007
The Guardian p. 12 12.3.2007
The Guardian Society p. 12 16.8.2006
Avec can à la forme affirmative, l'énonciateur se pose en autorité : mon-savoir-à-moi me permet d'attribuer une capacité / un potentiel / une caractéristique au référent du sujet. Glose : Vous ne savez pas vous. Moi je sais et je suis en mesure de vous affirmer que...
Référent = personne, ensemble de personnes, objet, fait, institution, image, action, phénomène dans les réalités / mentalités / imaginaires. Le référent n'est pas nécessairement visible / "visualisable" (diabetes / cholesterol) :
The Guardian p. 8 2.10.2004
Traductions : savoir, pouvoir, être en mesure de, avoir le droit de (acceptions pratique et morale), avoir la faculté de / la capacité / les moyens, la possibilité / le potentiel (can est ici proche de could -> 1).
1 - Seroxat and Prozac 'can make people homicidal'
Doctor who found suicide risk says experts ignoring danger Evidence that antidepressant drugs like Seroxat and Prozac could make people homicidal is being ignored by the body responsible for regulating medicines in the UK, a leading expert said yesterday. Headline, sub and §1, G, 21.9.2004, http://society.guardian.co.uk/mentalhealth/story/0,8150,1309129,00.html
Sharon: Arafat can leave Ramallah
The Israeli prime minister, Ariel Sharon, spoke to his Palestinian counterpart today and agreed in principle to permit the ailing Yasser Arafat to be flown abroad for medical treatment.
Headline and sub, G, 28.10.2004,
Nuclear waste from overseas power stations has been sealed in concrete and buried in several miles of trenches in breach of official government policy, the Guardian can reveal.
Ministers break promises over nuclear
waste, G, 31.8.2004,
Humans can remember and identify up to 10,000 smells. The olfactory system plays a powerful role in warning of danger,
in identifying fresh food, and linking mother to
newborn infant.
'We can't forget'
Twelve years ago, Ed Vulliamy first revealed the horrors of Omarska, a Serbian concentration camp in Bosnia, to a stunned world. This summer the survivors returned to the place where they were tortured and raped, their friends and families murdered. He joined them
We can't forget, G, headline and sub,
1.9.2004,
Employers can spy on staff
Bosses can now use "big brother" technology to keep track of their workers throughout the day. A new service allows companies to find where staff are anywhere in the country by tracing their mobile phone signal. The information sent back enables managers to pinpoint their location on a map - and potentially catch out those who claim to be elsewhere. Headline and first §§, PA, 17.10.2004, http://www.pa.press.net/story.php?ID=A4563311097845596A00
YOU CAN KILL BURGLARS
"the right of every British citizen" to protect himself, his family and property".
Acting "honestly and
instinctively" is now the key.
was aimed at ending confusion in the wake of high-profile
cases such as that of Tony Martin.
that would be the strongest evidence of you acting lawfully and in
self-defence. A police source said: "If someone was trying to kill you with a gun, knife or an axe, for instance, you would be legally within your rights to shoot him
if you had a
legally held gun handy." It added: "If you have acted in reasonable self-defence... and the intruder dies, you will still have acted lawfully."
You can kill burglars, DMi, 2.2.2005,
Le modal can ne se traduit pas toujours :
Can you hear me? Vous m'entendez? I can't see you! Je ne te vois pas!
The Guardian p. 12 30.9.2005
The Guardian p. 8 3.12.2004
autorisation / interdiction : can ou may ?
Ne pas confondre les modaux can et may, ce dernier instituant l'autorisation lors de l'énonciation :
You may turn over your paper now. Glose : vous pouvez / avez maintenant le droit de...
Traduction : ci-dessous, may peut se traduire par pouvoir / devoir :
Air Travel - Prohibited Items Prohibited items are weapons, explosives, incendiaries, and include items that are seemingly harmless but may be used as weapons - the so-called "dual use" items. You may not bring these items to security checkpoints without authorization. Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, http://www.tsa.gov/public/interapp/editorial/editorial_1012.xml
At the review session, you will be allowed to review the Test Booklet and Proposed Key Answers. The purpose of this review is to permit you to submit protests against the Proposed Key Answers. You must appear in person; you may not bring with you or have present any other person at this test review. You may bring any reference materials you wish. You may not bring any handwritten notes or recording devices of any kind. There will be no rescheduling of appointments for the protest session. NYC Civil Service Exam Protest Procedure, http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcas/html/protest.html , not est en gras et souligné dans l'original.
What should I expect? Answer: You should plan on spending at least part of your stay outside the courtroom waiting to be called for a trial. You may bring reading material or other appropriate items to occupy your time when you are not in trial. You may not bring electronic pagers or cellular telephones with you into the jury room or trial. These items are allowed only in the juror lounge. CUYAHOGA COUNTY COMMON PLEAS COURT, Frequently Asked Questions About Jury Duty, http://www.cuyahoga.oh.us/common/Juror.html
Unfortunately, you may not take alcoholic drinks from the lobby seating area into the theatre. 23.8.2003, http://www.beartooththeatre.net/menu.html
Can permet notamment de constater un état de fait, de rappeler des règles :
Those who want a slice of Britain's most exclusive postcode face strict planning rules. 'An American company owns the land and has told the residents they can't have satellite dishes in the garden, can't change the colour of their door and can't park vans on their drive,' Wall said.
How
postcodes put the wealthy in their place :
Traductions du verbe devoir en anglais
can > autres énoncés
Thousands of Britons are dying of a lung disease that has been largely ignored. James Meikle on the extreme surgery that may be the best way to treat a secret epidemic Headline and sub, G, 16.9.2004, http://www.guardian.co.uk/life/feature/story/0,13026,1305080,00.html
Satellite trackers mean police can watch offenders' every step Welcome to the prison without bars, G, 3.9.2004, http://www.guardian.co.uk/crime/article/0,2763,1296453,00.html
As spam is to e-mail, spyware is to the web. Can it be stopped? A hidden menace, E, 3.6.2004, http://www.economist.com/business/displayStory.cfm?story_id=2737004
Economic stability cannot be taken for granted, says Brown Headline, I, 12.3.2004, http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/politics/story.jsp?story=500353
BT Mobile. You can talk for free.
With BT Mobile Home Plan, get 1000 free minutes of quick calls home. Join by 31 March and get £50 discount, only when you order online. BT ad, 10.3.2004, https://www.bt.com/btcom_redirectLink.jsp?action=redirectURL&targetURL=/index.jsp
There is no way harpoons can kill humanely, says wildlife broadcaster
David Attenborough joins
campaign against cruelty of whaling, sub, G, 9.4.2004,
This week the world's most
advanced human-shaped robot has been performing to amazed audiences at the
Science Museum. The gig was booked after weeks of haggling with his agent. "I'm
sorry, but my boy is not sharing a dressing room with the Dalek. He gets star
room number one, with a whole crate of WD40 and top billing above the
animatronic Gollum."
The new Japanese robot is called Asimo, short for "Advanced Step in
Innovative Mobility" (and it was also his grandfather's middle name). He really
does possess an incredibly advanced range of human skills. He
can walk up and down.
He can shake hands. He
can wave. Apparently the royal family are worried he might make
them completely redundant. Asimo will even stride towards you and offer an
outstretched hand as a greeting, except for the teenage version, which barely
looks round and just grunts from the sofa. All week crowds at the Science Museum have gasped as the robot has
followed orders to walk up steps, walk down steps, turn around and come back.
While the security guard stood there thinking: "Well I
can do that! Walking up steps, that's easy. But does anybody ever ask
me? Oh no, I just stand here being ignored while they applaud that stupid robot
doing things I could do when I was two." There are fears that Asimo's new-found
celebrity status may be getting out of hand. He's already been photographed for
the Party People section of the colour supplements, chatting with weathergirl
Suzanne Charlton and the drummer from the Darkness and saying: "Of course, I
love performing; but what I really want to do is direct." Asimo is small, only 1.2m, and looks like an extra from a science fiction
film. He is connected to the internet, so he can
provide all sorts of useful information for his owner, like how to
get your android a penis enlargement. He can recognise
different voices and walk in different directions, and in a decade they're
hoping he might even fetch sticks. A lot is being made of his highly developed
ability to walk down stairs, with no credit, apparently, being given to his
British forerunner: the Slinky. The Japanese may well make the cleverest little robots, but we
can still
pride ourselves on making the hardest. In a straightforward fight,
Asimo wouldn't stand a chance against one of those destructive monsters from
Robot Wars. We can feel a surge of patriotic
pride as we imagine Asimo being sliced in two by Mr Psycho's rotating blade,
while a strange man in an anorak impassively wiggles his remote control behind
the screen.
The Prince of Wales personally orchestrated a campaign against Tony Blair’s policy of slaughtering farm animals during the foot-and-mouth epidemic, The Times can disclose today Charles tried to stop cull, subhead, Times web frontpage, 16.2.2004.
Minister insists checks will prevent cheating by overseas visitors, but department cannot substantiate 'hundreds of millions of pounds' lost
Foreigners
will be vetted to get NHS treatment, G, 31.12.2003,
Your cash can rebuild shattered victims of a war the world forgot Headline, O, 14.12.2003, http://society.guardian.co.uk/christmasappeal/story/0,11321,1106795,00.html
Noter ci-dessous la traduction du GV en not -> "ne peut pas se permettre de" :
a growing danger from a widening network of fanatics - and this is a struggle the West cannot lose
Terror cells
regroup - and now their target is Europe, sub, O,
11.1.2004,
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